面部长满巨大脓疱，MetaCAP™检测发现竟与养羊相关……
发布时间：2025-08-01
46岁的养羊户叶龙（化名）脸上长满了密密麻麻的巨大脓疱，就医后才发现，这竟与他朝夕相处的羊群有关……
近日，北京地坛医院应用金域医学开发的MetaCAP™（探针捕获高通量技术），成功确诊了一例羊口疮感染。这是一种主要影响绵羊和山羊的人畜共患病，其感染人体的情况较为少见，易被忽略。MetaCAP™的出现，精准识别了病原体，为临床诊断和治疗提供了关键依据。
颜面部多发巨大脓疱
病原相关检测均为阴性
叶龙因颜面部多发巨大脓疱至北京地坛医院进行会诊。医生体格检查发现其颜面部、口周、下颌部、颈部多发暗红色脓疱结节，已融合成簇。
经检查，他的血清学肿瘤标志物为阴性，病理活检显示表皮角化亢进，局部伴表皮脱失、坏死，表层大量中性粒细胞浸润，表皮内微脓肿形成；真皮层间质水肿，肉芽组织增生；有大量淋巴细胞、浆细胞、中性粒细胞浸润，符合感染性病变特征，但病原体相关检测均为阴性。特殊染色包括抗酸、PAS、GMS、革兰氏等均为阴性，EB病毒、CMV病毒原位杂交均为阴性。
叶龙是何原因长出巨大脓疱？应该如何治疗？这成为摆在所有医生面前的一道难题。
MetaCAP™确诊为羊口疮感染
为明确病因，医生将叶龙的样本进行MetaCAP™检测，很快便锁定了他组织内感染病原体为羊口疮病毒。
羊口疮又称为羊传染性脓疱，主要影响绵羊和山羊，以口唇、舌、鼻、乳房等部位形成丘疹、水疱、脓疱和结成疣状结痂为特征。人若接触受感染的羊或污染物品，病毒可通过皮肤黏膜破损处侵入人体，引发类似皮肤病变。由于人类感染病例较少见，多发于农村羊养殖户，易被临床忽略，导致误诊漏诊。MetaCAP™的出现，精准识别了病原体，为临床诊断和治疗提供了关键依据。确诊后，叶龙经针对性治疗，目前恢复情况良好。
MetaCAP™由金域医学开发，其融合了探针捕获技术与NGS技术，通过“去宿主+百万探针”的创新方式，可一次性检测26000+种同源病原，准确鉴定罕见或特殊病原体，显著提升病原检出敏感性和特异性，尤其适用于传统方法阴性但临床高度怀疑感染、疑难重症感染等情况。目前，MetaCAP™可以检测包括血液、脑脊液、肺泡灌洗液、组织、胸腹水、痰液等多种临床样本类型，在血液科、神经内科、病理科、眼科等多个学科领域，均能满足临床医生的需求。
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